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COCO: COS and below-​canopy CO2 fluxes of two Swiss forests: understanding land-​atmosphere ecosystem exchange

Context

Climate change due to anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions has spurred intensive research about the global carbon (C) budget, sinks and sources of C, particularly in forests, and their drivers over the last decades. However, achieving “nature-based” solutions, proposed in the Paris Agreement, needs a comprehensive understanding of consequences of climate change on forest functioning. This requires the existence and availability of long-term, high-quality data on ecosystem functions, such as net ecosystem exchange (NEE), which can be partitioned into ecosystem CO2 uptake (GPP) and respiratory losses (Reco), crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying forest responses and assess their potential for sustained C sequestration. Thus, detection of flux (un)certainty is crucial, and is best done by additional constraints, e.g. by below-canopy flux measurements, advection estimates as well as carbonyl sulphide (COS) fluxes.

Project aims

Thus, our specific objectives are

  1. to independently validate gross primary production estimates with COS fluxes,
  2. to constrain ecosystem respiration estimates using below-canopy fluxes,
  3. to quantify advection of CO2, and
  4. to identify long-term trends and short-term responses of CO2 fluxes to climate extremes.

COCO is carried out at a temperate mixed forest (Lägeren) and a subalpine spruce forest (Davos), for which 40+ site-years of flux data are available. It will provide highly significant insights on land-atmosphere CO2 exchange based on comprehensive und unique measurements and an innovative approach. It contributes to our understanding of ecosystem functioning but also provides better estimates of GPP and Reco, improving dynamic carbon models.

Publications

Scapucci L, Shekhar A, Aranda-Barranco S, Bolshakova A, Hörtnagl L, Gharun M, Buchmann N (2024) Compound soil and atmospheric drought (CSAD) events and CO2 fluxes of a mixed deciduous forest: the occurrence, impact, and temporal contribution of main drivers. Biogeosciences 21: 3571-3592, doi: external page 10.5194/bg-21-3571-2024

Scapucci L, Shekhar A, Aranda-Barranco S, Bolshakova A, Hörtnagl L, Gharun M, Buchmann N (2024) Compound soil and atmospheric drought events and CO2 fluxes of a mixed deciduous forest: Occurrence, impact, and temporal contribution of main drivers. EGUspere [preprint], doi: external page 10.5194/egusphere-2024-459

Nelson JA, Walther S, Gans F, Kraft B, Weber U, Novick K, Buchmann N, Migliavacca M, Wohlfahrt G, Šigut L, Ibrom A, Papale D, Göckede M, Duveiller G, Knohl A, Hörtnagl L, Scott RL, Zhang W, Hamdi ZM, Reichstein M, Aranda-Barranco S, Ardö J, Op de Beeck M, Billdesbach D, Bowling D, Bracho R, Brümmer C, Camps-Valls G, Chen S, Cleverly JR, Desai A, Dong G, El-Madany TS, Euskirchen ES, Feigenwinter I, Galvagno M, Gerosa GA, Gielen B, Goslee I, Goslee S, Gough CM, Heinesch B, Ichii K, Jackowicz-Korczynski MA, Klosterhalfen A, Knox S, Kobayashi H, Kohonen KM, Korkiakoski M, Mammarella I, Gharun M, Marzuoli R, Matamala R, Metzger S, Montagnani L, Nicolini G, O'Halloran T, Ourcival JM, Peichl M, Pendall E, Ruiz Reverter B, Roland M, Sabbatini S, Sachs T, Schmidt M, Schwalm CR, Shekhar A, Silberstein R, Silveira ML, Spano D, Tagesson T, Tramontana G, Trotta C, Turco F, Vesala T, Vincke C, Vitale D, Vivoni ER, Wang Y, Woodgate W, Yepez EA, Zhang J, Zona D, Jung M (2024) X-BASE: the first terrestrial carbon and water flux products from an extended data-driven scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X. Biogeosciences (accepted)

Nelson JA, Walther S, Gans F, Kraft B, Weber U, Novick K, Buchmann N, Migliavacca M, Wohlfahrt G, Šigut L, Ibrom A, Papale D, Göckede M, Duveiller G, Knohl A, Hörtnagl L, Scott RL, Zhang W, Hamdi ZM, Reichstein M, Aranda-Barranco S, Ardö J, Op de Beeck M, Billdesbach D, Bowling D, Bracho R, Brümmer C, Camps-Valls G, Chen S, Cleverly JR, Desai A, Dong G, El-Madany TS, Euskirchen ES, Feigenwinter I, Galvagno M, Gerosa GA, Gielen B, Goslee I, Goslee S, Gough CM, Heinesch B, Ichii K, Jackowicz-Korczynski MA, Klosterhalfen A, Knox S, Kobayashi H, Kohonen KM, Korkiakoski M, Mammarella I, Gharun M, Marzuoli R, Matamala R, Metzger S, Montagnani L, Nicolini G, O'Halloran T, Ourcival JM, Peichl M, Pendall E, Ruiz Reverter B, Roland M, Sabbatini S, Sachs T, Schmidt M, Schwalm CR, Shekhar A, Silberstein R, Silveira ML, Spano D, Tagesson T, Tramontana G, Trotta C, Turco F, Vesala T, Vincke C, Vitale D, Vivoni ER, Wang Y, Woodgate W, Yepez EA, Zhang J, Zona D, Jung M (2024) X-BASE: the first terrestrial carbon and water flux products from an extended data-driven scaling framework, FLUXCOM-X. EGUsphere [preprint], doi: external page 10.5194/egusphere-2024-165

Krebs L, Burri S, Feigenwinter I, Gharun M, Meier P, Buchmann N (2024) Forest-floor respiration, N2O fluxes, and CH4 fluxes in a subalpine spruce forest: drivers and annual budgets. Biogeosciences 21: 2005-2028, doi: external page 10.5194/bg-21-2005-2024

Krebs L, Burri S, Feigenwinter I, Gharun M, Meier P, Buchmann N (2023) Forest-floor greenhouse gas fluxes in a subalpine spruce forest: Continuous multi-year measurements, drivers, and budgets. EGUsphere [preprint], doi: external page 10.5194/egusphere-2023-1852

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